Text-Dependent Questions: Using Evidence

The Common Core State Standards expect students to use evidence from texts to present careful analyses, well-defended claims, and clear information. A central tool to help students develop these skills is text-dependent questions: questions that can only be answered by referring back to the text.

On this page teachers can find tools to help write and evaluate text-dependent questions, as well as a link to lesson materials with examples of text-dependent questions included.

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Short Guide to Creating Text-Dependent Questions

Seven simple steps to create your own questions for close analytic reading.
1-pg doc.
Educators say

Educators speak about the Guides to Creating Text-Dependent Questions

Veeko Lucas

Teacher, Jefferson County, KY
“Text-dependent questions on their own are a groundbreaking concept. It seems so simple, yet proven to be not as easy to create quality questions. The evaluation tools are excellent at helping teachers understand what makes for a great text dependent question. The guides to creating text dependent questions makes it plain and simple what it takes to make quality activities Literacy specialists can use these tools to guide teachers through the difficult task of changing their view of how to write questions that probe student thinking. As teachers, we have a tendency (either out loud or to ourselves) to equate any changes we are presented with as a different shade of the same old stuff. I've been told numerous times that education is cyclical, everything is the remake of something else. A literacy coach armed with, and well-versed in the guide to text dependent questions can completely influence how teachers approach learning. Teachers and administrators can use it as a guide to what an ideal close read activity entails. Administrators can rest assured that if teachers can create lessons where students are reading texts more deeply. They should appreciate the change in teaching techniques where students are focused on examining their texts and pulling evidence in all of their other classes. The ability to deeply examine texts and cite evidence proficiently is far and away one of the most used skills in exams, education, and eventually life. When teachers use the guide correctly, they are forced to stop and really think about what they want students to focus on and what they need children to learn. Teachers will find a noticeable difference in the activity and reading abilities of their students if they use these tools, and never give up. It's not easy at first, but if they stick with it, the rewards in the end are phenomenal. My fellow teachers in the science department are focusing on making text dependent questions. When I first introduced it to them, they basically looked at me like ‘Duh, no kidding we need to make questions that forces students to read to answer.’ When I showed them the guide and we went over how it requires us to change and what it could do potentially for our students reading skills, they were sold.”

Matt Evans

Teacher, Mullica Hill, NJ
"I have shared this document with my fellow teachers along with a presentation at the department meeting. It helped teachers see how we are going to assess and how to build better conversation and mathematical discovery in the classroom."
Document

Complete Guide to Creating Text-Dependent Questions

Thorough explanation of the how and why of text-dependent questions for close, analytic reading. Includes examples. 3-pg doc.
Angela Orr says

Educators speak about the Guides to Creating Text-Dependent Questions

Angela Orr

Teacher, Reno, NV
"In our learning teams, the Qualitative Text Complexity Rubric provides a great forum for collaboration and discussion around rich and complex texts in our curriculum. We are able to determine which aspects of the text are most complex and then design lessons and questions that facilitate student learning of not only the content of the reading but also around the reading skills necessary to access complex texts. We've come to realize that what makes a text complex is the basis for our lesson planning. Our professional learning community has been eager to develop social studies resources around complex text and text-dependent questions. The Guide to Writing Text Dependent Questions assists us in this endeavor. It provides a logical and streamlined process for building great questions that get at the heart of text. By determining the central ideas of the text and the features of the text that are most rich and complex, we can more effectively build a strong sequence of questions that facilitate student access and understanding. Although the process takes a substantial amount of time and energy, we are now noting the greater effects of the work. Not only are we now asking better, deeper, richer questions on complex text, we are also engaging in this type of questioning during other class activities. A greater number and diversity of students are engaging in answering these questions with evidence from their learning as they become accustomed to the practice. Using evidence to answer questions about text is also leading to more proficient writing."
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Checklist for Evaluating Question Quality

Clear checklist for evaluating the quality of text-dependent questions. 2-pg doc.